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The New Acropolis Museum and the Parthenon Marbles

The Acropolis of Athens

The Parthenon…

...Marbles


dimarts, 23 d'octubre de 2007
The Acropolis of Athens, one of the great collections of monuments from antiquity and a site of renowned artistic and cultural quality, is in the headlines. In the middle of October, hundreds of pieces (mostly sculptures) began their journey to the New Acropolis Museum, designed by the Swiss architect Bernard Tschumi and expected to be opened next year.

In contrast to the old museum that was located within the Acropolis itself, the new museum is not far from the Greek capital's famous hill, being just four hundred meters lower down. If all goes according to plan, the move, which is insured for €400 million and is scheduled to take six weeks, may be completed by the end of November.

This will be the first time in 2500 years that the objects leave their original site, observed Michalis Liapis, the Greek Minister of Culture, who took the opportunity of the start of the move to call again for the return of the Parthenon Marbles (taken from the Parthenon, the Acropolis' most famous monument), also known as the 'Elgin Marbles', which have been housed in the British Museum for two centuries.

Greece is confident that these events will provide a renewed boost to the campaign to restore the marbles currently being kept in London. In fact, the New Acropolis Museum will include a rectangular glass gallery set aside for the sculptures.

The Acropolis of Athens


+ The New Acropolis Museum is expected to be opened next year.
Located on a plateau 100 metres above the city, the Acropolis is a symbol of Ancient Greece and of the whole of Western civilisation. In the middle of the 5th century BC, Pericles, the politician who consolidated Athenian democracy, was responsible for rebuilding the religious site. He put the sculpture and painter Phidias in charge of the works. With the help of the best artists of the time, Phidias turned the Acropolis into a place of beauty. Of the remains that have been preserved, the Ionic temple of Erechtheion, with its famous Caryatid porch, stands out as does the Old Propylon (which served as an entrance to the site), the Temple of Athena Nike (built on a bastion along the wall) and, of course, the Parthenon.

The Parthenon…


+ The Parthenon at night.
The Parthenon is a masterpiece of Greek art from the Classical age. In a Doric style (the most austere of the Greek architectural schools), the Parthenon was made out of Pantelic marble and dedicated to Athena, the goddess of wisdom and the patron saint of Athens. Successively a church, mosque and then gunpowder arsenal, part of the Acropolis was destroyed by a bombardment 1687. At the beginning of the 19th century, Lord Elgin, the British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire (to which Greece belonged at the time), took a large part of the sculptures with him after they were sold to the British government in 1816. Since then they have been on display in the British Museum.

...Marbles


+ Section of a frieze from the Parthenon Marbles.
Greece is demanding the return of the marbles being kept in London, a request that has the support of a number of organisations and, also (according to opinion polls) the majority of the British public. The Greek government believes it is only right that the marbles be returned and the construction of the New Acropolis Museum reinforces still further arguments for their return. On the other hand, the British Museum argues that the aim of the museum is to become an international museum that displays the great cultural achievements of humanity, something that, in the eyes of the British Museum, justifies it housing the marbles.

MATERIALS

QUE HO SABIES?

  • Lord Elgin's decision to take away the marbles has been a source of controversy ever since. The Romantic English poet Lord Byron (1788-1824), for example, was wholeheartedly opposed to the marbles being removed from Greece.
  • Indeed, Lord Byron fought on the side of Greece in its war of independence and is considered a national hero in the country.
  • Although it is hard to imagine, the Parthenon Marbles were originally all painted.

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Imatges del trasllat de les peces escultòriques al nou museu.
L'acròpoli i Atenes: galeria fotogràfica.
Marbres reunits: reconstrucció a base de les escultures guardades a Atenes i a Londres.
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