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 > The Electoral System > Labour and Conservative > The Liberal Democrats dimarts, 3 de maig de 2005
On the 5th of May, elections will be held in the United Kingdom to form the new lower house of the British Parliament and the national government for the next few years. Tony Blair, head of the Labour Party, aspires to be re-elected, which would make him the first Labour leader to win three elections in a row.
In fact, the electoral campaign has been highly centred on Blair, which is not surprising if one takes into account that the Iraq war has once again come to the forefront of the political scene as the controversy over whether the prime minister deceived the public becomes more heated. Remember that Blair actively supported the decision of the US government to invade the Middle Eastern country, and this lost him a good deal of popularity. Whatever the case, the opinion polls are forecasting a victory for Labour, but a less resounding one than in the 2001 elections, when they achieved historic results, winning 413 seats, 247 more than the Conservative Party, their main rivals. It is also worth noting that the British electoral system, which we shall explain below, tends to benefit Labour, as does a high turnout. It is therefore said that if there is a very low turnout, Labour victory could be threatened.
 
The Electoral System)
+ The House of Commons Chamber is really quite small.
In the elections for the lower house of the British Parliament, otherwise known as the House of Commons, there is a total of 646 electoral constituencies. Each of these constituencies elects a representative by simple majority, so that the most voted candidate obtains a seat in the Parliament. This electoral system, called a majority system, provides greater proximity between the candidates and the electorate, but on the other hand, it does not take into account the true number of votes, which damages the chances of the minority parties, such as the Liberal Democrats, who would like a more proportional system. With the current procedure, only the votes of the most voted party in each constituency count at all.
Labour and Conservative)
+ Tony Blair and Michael Howard, leaders of the two majority groups.
Since the end of Second World War (1939-1945), the United Kingdom has had sixteen elections to the House of Commons, with eight victories for the Conservative Party and eight for he Labour Party, the two majority groups. The Conservatives were prevalent in the eighties and early nineties. But in 1997 they were beaten by Labour, headed by Tony Blair, who won with a message of renewal that adopted part of the Conservative legacy (which was much criticised by the more left-wing sector of the party). After the crushing defeats of 1997 and 2001, the Conservatives, led by Michael Howard, aim to end the Labour hegemony of the last few years.
The Liberal Democrats
+ Liberal Democrats leader Charles Kennedy.
The Liberal Democrats, heirs to what was historically the Liberal Party, are the third political force in the British Parliament. In 2001, the 'Lib Dems', as they are popularly known, obtained 18.3 % of the votes and, if we take any notice of the opinion polls, in the 5th of May elections, they may obtain more than 20%. Against the Iraq war from the outset, the Liberal Democrats, headed by Charles Kennedy, have always unequivocally proclaimed their pro-European stance.
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Investiga
> Evolució de la intenció de vot en favor de laboristes, conservadors i liberal demòcrates.
> Propostes d'aquests tres partits sobre qüestions diverses.
> Mapa dels resultats de les eleccions britàniques a Escòcia, el 2001.
> Manifest independentista del Partit Nacional d'Escòcia.
I també...
- Perfil del Partit de Gal·les.
- Preguntes i respostes sobre les eleccions britàniques.
- Vista panoràmica de la Cambra dels Comuns.
- Forces polítiques representades en aquesta cambra.
- Per què voten en dijous, a la Gran Bretanya?
- Tony Blair, sota pressió per la guerra de l'Irac.
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